Supercharger



H. c. EDWARDS A 1,927,563

SUPERCHARGER sept. 19,1933.

Filed Nov. 2, 1927 2 `Sheets-*Sheet l hL'RBERT C! Emmaus.

SCP- 19 1933- H. c. EDWARDS 1,927,563

SUPERCHARGER Filed NOV. 2. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 'dll 1 S11/manto@555x555? C.' EDI-gasps.

Patented Sept. i9, 1933 SUPERCHARGEB Herbert C. Edwards, Detroit, Mich.,assigner lo Packard Motor Car Company, a corporation of MichiganDetroit, Mich.,

Application November 2, 1927. Serial No. 230,412

2 Claims. (Cl. 230-151) This invention relates to internal combustionengines` and more particularly to air pumps or compressors adapted tosupply air under pressure to the engine carburetor.

-l Usually in the operation of internal combustion engines, the air'-entering the engine carburetor is at atmospheric pressure. It has beendetermined, however, that if air is supplied to the carburetor underpressure, that is -to' say, at a l pressure greater than atmospheric,other things being equal, the power characteristics of the engine willbe improved, higher engine speed will be obtainable and the generalefficiency of the engine will be increased. This results primarily 16from the greater volumetric eillciency made possible vby the increasedair pressure and also by the higher-'compressive pressure within the.engine cylinder. Having in mind these 4improve-- ments in the powercharacteristics, speed and` 20 general' efficiency of internalcombustion engines resulting from the supplying of air to thel enginecarburetor under pressure, the air pump or compressor of the presentinvention has vbeen \de vised.

35 It is an object of this invention to improve the general efllciency,power characteristics and speed of internal combustion engines.

Another object is to provide a simple and lei'- fective meansl forsupplying. air under pressure 3 to the carburetor of an internalcombustion engine. v

A further object is to provide a simple, durable, compact and eiilcientpump or compressor for supplyig 941' under pressure to the carburetor ofan internal combustion engine.

Other objects of this invention will appear from the followingdescription taken in connection with the drawings forming a part of thisapplication, and in which:

Pig. 1 is a sectional view on line 1-1 of Fig. 2, showing the pump orcompressor of this invention and its mode of attachment to the enginecrankshaft, and

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the pumpor compressor on line 2-2 of Fig.1.

Referring to the drawings, represents the crankshaft of an internalcombustion enginehav-g ing a crank arm 11 to which the lower endof aconnecting rod 12 is secured. The crankshaft is supported 1n suitablebearings, one of which is shown at 13, in the upper portion of thecrankcase 14. The engine cylinder block 15 is seated on and bolted tocrankcase 14 by suitable ,u bolts 16, and a cover 17 closes the forwardopen end'of the crankcase. Forwardly ofbearing 13,

.into the pump, and outlet-36 is connected to the .air inlet of thecarburetor.

crankshaft 10 is provided with an extension 18 of `reduced diameter, andto this extension is keyed a timing gear-'19 and a spacer 20. Interposedbetween timing gear 19 and crankcase cover 17 is a suitable stuffing box21 adapted to pre- 60 vent the leakage of lubricant from the crankcasearound the crankshaft end. The crankshaft 10 and the crankshaft bearingsupports are drilled as at 22 and 23 to provide conduits for. supplyinglubricant to the engine bearings. 65

Associated with crankcase cover 17 and preierably formed integrallytherewith is a cylindrical casing 24 having one end open which isadapted to be closed by a cover 25. As may be seen in Fig'. 1 of thedrawings, the reduced end 70 18 of crankshaft. 10 projects throughcrankcase cover17 into the casing 24. A hub 26, having an integralannular flange 27, is keyed to the reduced end 18 of the crankshaft andis secured thereon against unintentional removal by means 75 of a nut 28screwed on the threaded end of the shaft 10 and pinned thereto in anysuitable manner as by pin 29. Hub ange 271s provided with shoulderedperipheryy30 to .which is secured in any suitable manner, as by bolts32, one side of 9 a cylindrical casing 31. Casing 31 is smaller. thanand is arranged within .casing 24 and is adapted to rotatewith'crankshaft 10. Casing 81 is open on the side opposite to the sideattached to hub 26 except for a radial annular flange 33 85 integralwith the circumferential portion of the casing.

Cylindrical casings 24 and 31 are eccentrically arranged and have apoint of tangency, as may be seen from Fig. 2 or, otherwise stated, theaxis 90 rof cylindrical casing 24, does not coincide with thecenter-line of crankshaft 10 which is the axis of cylindrical casing 31and the degree of eccentricity is such that the exterior circumferentialsurface of casing 31 touches or substantially 95 touches the interiorcircumferential surface oi.'- casing 24. The space between thecircumferential surfaces of casings 24 and 31 provides a. workingchamber34, having an inlet and an outlet provided ,by circular ducts 35' and36, preferably formed integrally with the casing 24lon itscircumferential surface. Inlet 35 is preferably screened to prevent thepassage of dirt or dust Cover 25 of casing 24 is provided with a centralaperture 37 and on the inner side of the cover concentric with theaperture 37, is an annular shoulder 38 defining in thecover 25 acircular no depression 39. Apivot member 40 having aradial annularflange 41 adapted to fit in the depression 391s secured to cover 25 inany suitable man-l ner as by bolts 42 passing through the cover andengaging ange 41. Thus.mounted, pivot member 40 is eccentricallyIarranged with respect to the axis of crankshaft 10, that is to say, theaxis of pivot member 40 does not coincide with the axis of thecrankshaft but lies to one side thereof. Pivot member 40 is axiallybored at 43 and has an extension 44 projecting into the aperture 37 forlubricating purposes as will presently appear. Rotatably mounted onpivot member 40 upon suitable bearings 45 retained against axialdisplacement by any suitable means as nut 45 are vanes 46 and 47, one ofthe vanes 46 having a single arm 48 engaging pivot member 40, and theother of the vanes 47 having two spaced parallel arms 49 engaging pivotmember 40. Each of the arms 48 and 49 is suitably strengthened byreinforcing webs and is provided with suitable Weighted extensions 50'and 51 to balance the weight of the vanes 46 and 47. When mounted inposition on pivot member 40, arm 48 is interposed between the arms 49,as clearly shown in Fis. 1.

Vanes 46 and47 are adapted to be rotated by casing 31 about pivot member40 Within casing 24 and for this purpose casing 31 has mounted thereinpreferably at rdiametrically opposed points adjacent its periphery, pins50 and 51. The circumferential portion of casing 31 is suitablythickened adjacent the pins 50 and 51, as at 2 and 53 to provide amplestrength. Pins 50 and 51 are each provided with diametral slots shown at54 and 55 through which vanes 46 and 47 are adapted to slide uponrotation of casing 31 within casing 24, the sliding of the vanes in theslots of the pins being due to the relative ec centricity ofthemountings of the vanes and casing 31. Pins 50 ad 51 require no positivemeans for retaining them in position in casing 31 other than the grip ofthe casing on the pins, this being due to the snugness with which casing31 fits within casing 24, thus eifectually preventing any substantialaxial movement of the pins.

In the operation of the device, the engine will be running and therotation of the crank shaft will rotate cylindrical casing 31 and thevanes 46 and 47. As one of the vanes 46, for example,

" sweeps past working chamber inlet 35, a partial vacuum or area of lowpressure is produced and air will rush in to the working chamber 34 onthe receding side of vane 46. Air will continue to enter the workingchamber until, by virtue of the rotation of the vanes, vane 47 passesinlet 35.

livered air, depending,`of course, on the speed of' in hub 26, aperture59 and bore 22 in the crankshaft 10 with the oil pressure system of theengine.

A lubricating connection 60 attached to pivot extension 44 connects withbore 43, through which lubricant is forced to vanes bearing 45. Arm 49of vane 47 is provided with an enlargement 6l which completely enclosesthe end of the pivot member 40 to prevent the leakage or escape oflubricant from bearings 45. A stuiling box 62 attached to arm 49 of vane47 and surrounding pivot member 40 is adapted to prevent leakage oflubricant in this direction from bearing 45.

The simplicity and compactness of the air pump or compressor will beevident. The pump has ybut relatively few moving parts, all of which arerinvention is to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims. l

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an air pump, a casing, a Working chamber in the casing, a pivotmember mounted on said casing, a lubricating conduit extending throughsaid pivot member, vanes mounted on said pivot member and movable insaid Working chamber, one of said vanes having a portion thereof adaptedto enclose an end of said pivot member to preventthe escape of lubricantfrom the pivot member into the Working chamber.

2. In a pump structure, a casing, a pivot member mounted at one end onsaid casing and free at the other end, bearings surrounding said pivotmember, means including a passage-way through the free end of said pivotmemberfor lubricat- .ing said bearings, and vanes rotatable in saidcasing on said bearings, said vanes including means to lead thelubricant from the free end of the shaft to the bearings and for sealingsaid lubricant in said bearings.

HERBERT C. EDWARDS.

